Caffeine is a methylated xenthine discovered in 1819 by Friedrich Ferdinand Runge, a German chemist. Sources of Caffeine include beans, fruit and leaves of some plants. Caffeine available for human consumption is most commonly extracted from the coffee plant cherries and tea bush leaves, as well as foods and drinks that contain products derived from the kola nut. Caffeine can temporarily reduce the sensation of being tired; however, this does not mean that it eliminates the need for sleep. Generally, twenty five to fifty milligrams of caffeine is enough for most consumers to report an increase in alertness and arousal. Caffeine should be not be consumed by those with fecal incontinence as it relaxes the internal anal sphincter muscles.

Embelic Myrobalan Extract is the extract of a plant with biological name Emblica officinalis. In India it is commonly known as amla. The active ingredients in Emblic myrobalan that have significant pharma-cological action are gallic acid, tannins, pectin, and ascorbic acid (Vitamin C). Its extracts are used in medicine for treatment of vermifuge and to stimulate appetite. It is one of the highest natural sources of Vitamin C (3,000 mg per fruit). Some studies suggest that Emblic myrobalan extracts can be used in treatment of diabetes. Research also shows that it increases the red blood count, strengthens the hair and prevents premature graying of hair.

Evodiamine has been used in Chinese medicine and by Chinese herbalists for centuries for weight loss purposes. It is an extract from a plant, Evodia or Tetradium, actually a tree genus of the family Rutaceae. The bee bee tree, as it is called besides Euodia and Evodia, provide a bioactive alkaloid that the Chinese have nicknamed Wu-Chu-Yu. This extract not only can interact with UCP1, a thermogenic protein, which as a consequence burns energy as heat, but also has shown in studies on mice to reduce the fat uptake. Evodiamine seems to increase the resting temperature of humans, whereby increased fat and calories are burned in order to supply the heat. Deemed a breakthrough in thermogenesis, evodiamine is subject of several clinical studies.

N-Acetyl-L-Tyrosine will raise the tyrosine level in the body. The benefit with N-Acetyl-L-Tyrosine is that it is 20 time more soluble in water. This is one of the amino acids.

Octopamine is related to noradrenaline. Octopamine was discovered by Vittorio Erspamer, an Italian scientist in 1948. Octopamine has a significant role in mollusks and is the central nervous system in snail. Octopamine also has a vital role in memory and learning in the fruit fly and honey bee. Octopamine is also useful for the firefly in releasing the light production. Octopamine mobilizes releasing fat in mammals and this has developed into promotion as a slimming aid on the internet. However, there is no apparent evidence about Octopamine facilitating weight loss. Octopamine also significantly increases the blood pressure in combination with stimulants such as weight loss supplements. This is extensively used in energy demanding insects such as spiders, lobsters, crabs and crayfish as their behaviors also include egg-laying, jumping and flying. Among vertebrates, Octopamine substitutes norepinephrine and as well exhibits common side effects. Octopamine is sited in the locust jump such that it modulates the muscle activity allowing the leg muscles to contract effectively.

Passion Flower belongs to the family of Passifloraceae. It is one of the 500 species of flowering plant that belong to this family. It is also known as passion vines or passiflora. This family of plants consists of vines, scrubs and herbaceous. These flowers have hundreds of hybridized varieties. These hybrid varieties are most used for the purpose of fruits, foliage and flowers. Some of these passion vines also bear fruits. These fruits are generally round or elongated and are edible. There are a vast variety of these fruits grown in different countries. Passion fruit, sweet granadilla, maypop, giant granadilla, banana passion fruits are just a few of these species. The fresh and dried leaves of the fruit maypop have been to make tea. This infusion is said to treat illnesses like hysteria, insomnia and epilepsy. It is also known for its painkiller properties.

Sclareolide- Contains properties that are used in athletic nutrition and weight loss but is primarily used in cosmetics and tobacco for its fragrance components.

Vinpocetine is a derivitate of the periwinkle plant and was developed in the latter part of the 1960’s. It can be used as a dietary supplement, which can be found online.

White Willow Bark possesses salicin that offers identical effect as aspirin and exhibits no side effects. This is the basis for aspirin synthesis. Chinese healers used it to control pain and the Native Americans also understood the value of it to get relief from headaches as well rheumatism. This also reduces fevers. The advantage of white willow bark is that it also helps in reducing weight and aids the diet goals. It is an anti-inflammatory and is analgesic, anti-rheumatic, fever reducer and gives relief from inflammatory pains such as rheumatism, carpal tunnel syndrome and arthritis. White willow bark is found in Asia and Europe. Taking one or two capsules at mealtimes is recommended. However, this dosage should not be exceeded. This does not exhibit significant side effects, but the tannins present in the white willow extract may result in stomach upset and may trouble if a person is allergic to aspirin.

Yohimbe (Pausinystalia yohimbe) is a plant which is well known for an alkaloid obtained from it called yohimbine. Its extracts are used as an over the counter pychoactive drug. It acts as an aphrodisiac effective in the treatment of male impotence and sexual dysfunction. Studies have also indicated its efficacy in the treatment of type-2 diabetes. It is quite well known among the body building community. This fame is because of the belief that it can lower fat tissue transdermally. It is also efficacious in conditions where there is lack of saliva production in the mouth, and also in post traumatic stress disorder.